When public education in the region commenced in the late 19 th Century, Creole and Blacks were educated together, but by 1917, they were segregated and a separate school created, called Live Oak Pond, north of Vancleave. They made their livelihoods primarily as subsistence farmers and charcoal burners. Black communities developed further north and west at Greenhead Creek.Īnother group of people, locally called "Creoles", but probably indigenous, descendants of Muskogean speaking, Native Americans inhabit the Vancleave region. Black families owned the high land northwest of Mounger’s Creek, which became the primary Vancleave settlement, after they sold out to white families and merchants in the late 19 th Century. After the Civil War, they were emancipated and remained in the region to provide the primary labor force for the naval stores industry. Black slaves, primarily from North Carolina, were brought to work the turpentine orchards. Shallow draft schooners loaded with charcoal, agricultural products, and naval stores sailed the "lake" waters of the Mississippi Sound to New Orleans and returned with tools, food staples, and mercantile goods to these riverine outposts. These activities created a commerce, which resulted in small trading posts being built on John’s Bayou and lower Bluff Creek. They were subsistence farmers and hunter-gatherers who brought their Protestant religion to this predominantly Roman Catholic coastal section.Ĭharcoal wagon en route to the L&N Railroad at Fontainebleau?īy 1850, the virgin forests, predominantly pine, of the region along the tributaries of the lower Pascagoula River, began to be exploited for timber, charcoal, and naval stores. Jackson County was created and united with the Territory of Orleans in 1812, and joined the Union in 1817, with the State of Mississippi.Įven before Mississippi’s statehood, restless Americans in the Carolinas and Georgia began settling the southwestern frontier, which included the Vancleave region. With the creation of the Mississippi Territory in 1798, and the West Florida Rebellion of 1810, the United States rested Spanish West Florida from its Iberian masters. The first European settlement in the Vancleave area occurred in 1721, when French colonists settled the short-lived Chaumont Concession. 376 and National Geographic Atlas Of The World, 1981, p.
John from Kleve? (The History of Jackson County, Mississippi, 1989, p.
Could the first American Van Cleave been Jan van Kleve, i.e. It is interesting to note that there is a town called Kleve in extreme western Germany less than twenty miles from its present border with Holland. Ocean Springs family historian, Vertalee Bradford Van Cleave (1916-1999), related that the progenitor of the Van Cleave family in America was Jan Van Cleef, a 1653 Dutch émigré to New York. It was known originally as Bluff Creek, until the postmaster in 1870, named it Vancleave in honor of a former merchant, Robert A. Vancleave, located in west-central Jackson County, Mississippi, is a small community which developed in the early to mid-19 th Century, on Bluff Creek, a small tributary of the Pascagoula River, several miles north of the Mexican Gulf.
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